Ham Amateur Radio Technician Practice Exam

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What is the minimum allowable discharge voltage for maximum life of a standard 12-volt lead-acid battery?

8.0 volts
10.5 volts
12.0 volts
15.0 volts

The correct answer is: 10.5 volts

The minimum allowable discharge voltage for maximum life of a standard 12-volt lead-acid battery is approximately 10.5 volts. When a lead-acid battery discharges, it is important to avoid deep discharging because it can lead to sulfation, a process that can crystallize lead sulfate on the battery plates, reducing the battery’s capacity and lifespan. Maintaining a discharge above this threshold helps preserve the battery's structural integrity and overall performance. If the discharge voltage falls below this level, there’s a high risk of permanent damage to the battery. This is why keeping the voltage above 10.5 volts during discharge is crucial for maximizing the battery's life. Discharging down to 8.0 volts can be harmful, and while 12.0 volts is fully charged, it is not relevant for discharge purposes. A voltage of 15.0 volts would indicate overcharging, which can also be detrimental to a lead-acid battery. Thus, maintaining discharge above 10.5 volts is fundamental for longevity and reliability.